ANKARA: Formerly Angora, famous for mohair, Ankara is the capital of the Turkish Republic. Near its great Roman citadel is the world-famous Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, filled with treasures from the biblical Hittites.

ANTALYA: This lively city has a quaint Ottoman quarter at its center, and many monuments from Roman times. It's a good base for excursions to Perge, Aspendos, Side, and Termessos.

APHRODISIAS: Settled during the Early Bronze Age, it later became the home of a grand temple to Aphrodite, the goddess of love. Its white marble ruins stand amidst fertile fields in a green river valley.

ASPENDOS: Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (1601-180 AD) ordered a great theater to be built at Aspendos on the Mediterranean coast. Restored at the order of Kemal Atatürk, it is now in almost perfect condition.

BODRUM: Once known as Halicarnassus. This popular Aegean resort and yachting port holds the ruins of the Mausoleum, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, as well as a lofty Crusader castle which now serves as the world's foremost museum of underwater archeology.

CAPPADOCIA: Over the centuries, wind and water have sculpted the volcanic bedrock of this region into weird and fanciful shapes. Early Christians sought refuge in homes, stables, churches and storehouses hollowed from the soft stone.

DIDYMA: The stupendous Temple of Apollo at Didyma, once the seat of an oracle which rivaled that of Delphi, was begun in 494 BC. Over 1400 years later, it was still not finished, but its ruins are still breathtaking in their size and beauty.

EPHESUS: Once the capital of Roman Asia, Ephesus is the best-preserved Greco-Roman classical city on the Mediterranean-a breathtaking sight.

GALLIPOLI: Dominating the Dardanelles, Gallipoli was the scene of momentous battles during World War I. Sir Winston Churchill sent the British and ANZAC forces to conquer it, and Kemal Atatürk became a war hero by successfully defending it.

ISTANBUL: Once called Constantinople, this great city has one foot in Europe, the other in Asia. Capital of the Eastern Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman empires, Istanbul once ruled all the lands within a thousand miles. Monuments to its glorious past abound, from sumptuous Topkapi Palace and ancient Sancta Sophia to the great mosques of the sultans.

IZMIR: Turkey's modern Aegean port is an attractive city with a pretty waterfront promenade and a fascinating bazaar.

KONYA: One of the oldest cities in Anatolia, Konya was the capital of the Seljuk Turkish Empire (1200s) and the home of its great poet and mystic, Jelaleddin Rumi, founder of the Mevlevi whirling dervish order.

KUSADASI: Only 20 km (12 miles) from Ephesus, Kusadasi is a lively fishing and cruise port and seaside resort. This is our base for visits to the ancient cities of Priene, Miletus, and Didyma.

MARMARIS: "Green Marmaris," as it's known, is a popular Mediterranean resort backed by verdant mountains. It's an active yachting port as well.

MILETUS: Miletus flourished as an important commercial and governmental city from 700 BC to 700 AD. Its great theater, which rises from the flood plain of the Meander River, was built to seat 15,000 spectators-and it still can!

PAMUKKALE: Warm calcium-laden mineral waters spring from the earth to cascade over a steep cliff, forming gleaming white travertine pools. The Romans built the health spa of Hierapolis here. A short drive away are the ruins of biblical Laodicea, one of the Seven Churches of Asia, and also Aphrodisias, the famous City of Aphrodite.

PERGAMON: Famed for its great library, the citizens of ancient Pergamon invented parchment for writing when the supply of papyrus was cut off. Pergamon's Aesculapium was the most famous classical medical center.

PERGE: This ancient city near Antalya flourished under Alexander the Great and the Romans. It has a fine theater, stadium, and towering Roman city gates.

PRIENE: Set dramatically at the foot of a sheer mountain wall, Priene overlooks the aptly-named Meander River. This 2500-year-old Ionian city was among the first to be planned with a grid system of streets.

SIDE: Cleopatra and Marc Antony met in Side ("SEE-deh") for a romantic tryst. Lovers and beach-goers have been coming ever since. Besides its beaches, Side has some fine ancient buildings and a good little museum.

TROY: Once believed to be only a legend, Troy was discovered over a century ago. A replica of the Trojan horse towers above the walls breached by cunning in the most famous battle of ancient times.